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Matthew||馬太福音
13:1-9; 17-23; 17-23
- Does "That same day" mean anything to you?
The fame of Jesus and the size of the crowd grew at the same time, but it appears that Jesus was speaking mainly in parables to them and Matthew selects a few to be retold here. The first one is about the fates of the seeds being sown. Vv. 1-9 tells the parable and vv. 17-23 provides the explanation. It is important to note that in understanding a parable, one has to focus on its central teaching, and not on minor details, unless they are made plain by Jesus himself. - In what ways does the use of the sower and sowing seed vividly fit the sharing of the gospel?
- Can you relate the four outcomes of the seed to people or incidents that you have come across (or are in your own life)?
- Seeds fell along the path: They are taken away by Satan.
- How did Satan do this in a hearer's heart?
- What can the sower do?
- What can the "seed" do?
- Seeds fell on rocky places: They dried up by trouble or persecution.
- Since trouble or persecution happens "because of the word", should you encourage the hearer to keep his or her faith secret to avoid it?
- What can the sower do?
- What can the "seed" do?
- Seeds fell among the thorns.
- What are the choking factors? What else can choke the growth of one's faith?
- What can you the sower do?
- What can the "seed" do?
- Seeds fell on good soil: There is acceptance and multiplication.
- How can the soil be good?
- Is there anything the sower can do to make sure the soil of the hearer is good?
- Seeds fell along the path: They are taken away by Satan.
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 「當那一天/The same day」有沒有特別的意思?
耶穌的名聲和聚集到他那裡的群眾大增,而耶穌似乎主要用比喻教訓眾人;馬太在此把其中一些記錄下來。第一個便是撒種的比喻。第1-9 節是比喻的本身,第17-23 節是解釋。在解釋比喻時,我們要集中在比喻的中心意義,切勿妄解細節,除非耶穌自己清楚告訴我們。 - 除聽眾對所聽的道有四個不同的反應外,「種子」的本身如何把傳福音的事工貼切的表明出來?
- 在你傳福音撒道種時,有否經歷這四個不同的反應?
- 落在路旁的被撒但奪去:
- 撒但是怎樣奪去道種的?
- 作為撒種的你可怎樣行?
- 落在石上枯乾的:
- 既因為道而遭患難,你是否就應勸他暗作門徒?
- 作為撒種的你可怎樣行?
- 落在荊棘裏的:
- 耶穌說荊棘代表什麼?
- 作為撒種的你可怎樣行?
- 落在好地土上:
- 什麼是好土?
- 作為撒種的你可以把人的心土作"好"的準備嗎?
- 落在路旁的被撒但奪去:
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
In His Time時間各有不同
As we seek to share the gospel with our friends and relatives, especially those whom we love dearly, we are sometimes frustrated with their lack of interest in spiritual things, and secretly, we wonder if they will ever come to Christ.
As we read Jesus' parable of the sower, we are far too familiar with those seeds on the wayside, and on shallow rocks. We too are familiar with those who appear to respond favorably to the gospel, only to fall away because of their busyness, their reluctance to give up their ways of life or the objection from their family.
I too remember the long journey it took to see my parents come to Christ. While I thought my mum was a very good person and she went to church at times, I was afraid she did not really know salvation. So, as I truly came to Christ in my late teen-years, I worried about her salvation, and one day, I gathered up my courage to share with her the need to accept Jesus Christ as her personal Lord and Savior. It did not go too well, as she basically did not respond to whatever I said (which probably was because I did not do a good job in explaining). But I did not stop praying for her, and I knew that my other born-again siblings would also pray for her.
It would be at least almost 20 years later, when she joined us in Vancouver that she began attending church regularly, and I could see her appetite for things spiritual grow exponentially that she could even recite Psalms 22-24 by memory before a large gathering in the church.
While my mum's conversion was not too surprising, that of my father was. His relationship with most of us had not been good, and with his macho and smile-less image, none of us would have the courage to share the gospel with him, except to pray for him. I did too, for many years, and God answered our prayers. The pastor of one of my brothers happened to grow up in a small village where my father was stationed for work (I think during the wartime). Thus he could strike up a kinship with my father that no one else could, and eventually he led him to Christ, and my father passed away not too long afterwards. I will never forget the time, when the pastor led our family in prayers at my father's funeral, before we headed out to the main hall. As I stood there with my eyes closed, I knew it was the light from the ceiling lights, but the light glowed in such a way as if it were from heaven, and my heart felt strangely warm with the inner assurance that, as much as it was hard to believe, my father was received into heaven.
I always wonder how we, as sharers of the gospel, can make the soil of the hearers good. Well, we cannot, only God can; but I believe that through our unceasing intercession, God will cause circumstances to happen to our loved ones to soften their hearts that the seed of the gospel will eventually bear fruits, no matter how long a journey it may be. He does make all things beautiful in His time.
我們都關心到自己親人的救恩,有時會為到他們對福音冷淡的反應著急,心中暗暗的在懷疑,他們究竟會否信主。
所以,當讀到耶穌所講的撒種比喻時,我們特別對丟在路旁,或落在淺土石頭地的,最了解。對那些曾對福音有興趣,但及後卻因事忙、不願放棄現今的生活、或遭家人反對而冷卻的,也很熟悉。
我亦經歷過想帶父母信主的漫長道路。我母親雖然是一等好人,是賢妻良母,也間中到教會聚會。但當我在中學畢業後清楚信主之後,我就擔心她沒有正式悔改接受主。終於有一天,我鼓起勇氣與她分享要悔改,接受主的需要。可惜她毫無反應(我相信與我講解得不清楚有關吧!) 我惟有繼續為她禱告,知道其他的兄弟也會為她禱告的。
不過要再經過十多二十年,到母親來加拿大與我們團聚時,她才經常到教會聚會;不但如此,她對屬靈的事很有追求,不但每天讀經禱告,更在年老時,能一口氣的當眾背誦詩篇22-24篇。
母親的信主或許是時候的問題而已,但「兇惡」的父親也能信主嗎?誰敢與他分享福音?誰敢說他要悔改?但我們的禱告神是聽的。終於在他去世之前的年日,有一位牧者剛好是在我父親(戰前) 所守的鄉鎮長大的,所以父親很接受他,也就跟他認罪悔改了。我其實有點半信半疑的。就在他的安息禮拜時,牧師在領禱,我舉頭看見一道光在照耀。對,這可能祇是樓頂的燈光。但神藉這一道光給我極奇妙、平安的印證,叫我知道,父親確是在祂的懷中。
神確是按祂的時候,叫萬事成為美好的。
13:10-16
- In the New Testament, "secret" or "mystery" refers to God's plan of salvation hidden in the past, but now made plain by the coming of Jesus. Why then did Jesus use parables in many of His public teachings?
- Jesus was contrasting the disciples with the crowd (the Jews), and in Mark 4:11, Jesus used the words, "on the outside" to refer to the latter.
- What did He mean by "outside" (outside of what)?
- As those being inside, what did the disciples have that they would be given more of (more of what)?
- What did the Jewish crowd have that would be taken away?
- What had the crowd heard that they never understood? What had the crowd seen that they never perceived?
- Whose fault was it, according to v. 15?
- Even so, if they had decided to turn, what would have happened according to v. 15?
- Tom Rees once made a remark that "the same sun that hardens the clay melts the wax". How may his remark help you understand the quote from Isaiah 6:9-10 in v. 15?
- Why did Jesus call the disciples blessed? What about us today, are we blessed less or more? Why?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 「奧秘」在新約聖經中一般是指神救恩的計劃在耶穌出現時才顯明出來。既是這樣,耶穌怎樣解釋祂祇用比喻來教導眾人?
- 耶穌在此將門徒與猶太群眾作比較,在馬可福音更說群眾是「外人」
- 為什麼說他們是外人?(在什麼之外呢?)
- 門徒既是在「內」的,他們「有」什麼,以至還要加給他們?(所加的是什麼?)
- 這猶太群眾原「有」的是什麼,卻要被奪去呢?
- 群眾聽而不明,看而不曉得的是什麼?
- 按第15節所言,是誰之過?
- 雖然如此,如果他們真的回轉,就會怎樣呢?
- Tom Rees曾說:「把黏土硬化,和把臘熔化都是同一個太陽。」這句話怎樣幫助你了解第15節所引用以賽亞書6:9-10的話?
- 為何耶穌說門徒是有福的呢?今天,我們是比他們更有福嗎?為什麼?
- 今日你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Oh, the Bitter Shame and Sorrow我懊悔已往太卑鄙
Today, I invite you to meditate on the lyrics of this old hymn which has touched the lives of many, including mine.
Comments on this hymn include:
"It takes about three minutes to sing this song through, but I wonder how long it takes to get from verse one to verse four in my experience. What will it take for Him to be all in all?"
"Only an Evangelical preacher can write a hymn like this."
- Oh, the bitter shame and sorrow,
That a time could ever be,
When I let the Savior's pity
Plead in vain, and proudly answered,
All of self, and none of Thee,
All of self and none of Thee. - Let He found me; I beheld Him
Bleeding on the cursed tree;
Heard Him pray, Forgive them, Father,
And my wistful heart said faintly,
Some of self, and some of Thee,
Some of self, and some of Thee. - Day by day His tender mercy,
Healing, helping, full and free,
Sweet and strong, and ah! so patient,
Brought me lower while I whispered,
Less of self, and more of Thee,
Less of self, and more of Thee. - Higher than the highest heavens,
Deeper than the deepest sea,
Lord, Thy love at last hath conquered;
Grant me now my heart's petition,
None of self, and all of Thee,
None of self, and all of Thee.
By Theodore Monod, 1836-1921
請用點時間細思這首在過去的世紀曾感動不少基督徒的詩歌;像其中有人感慨的說:「這詩歌祇需3分鐘就唱完,但要由第一節進到第四節卻是一生之久。」
- 我懊悔已往太卑鄙抵擋主高抬自已
我內心常向主懷疑拒絕主恩愛情義
還驕傲的對主說專愛己卻不愛你
我還驕傲的對主說專愛己卻不愛你 - 主慈悲實在太希奇始終不將我丟棄
使我見祂流血身體聽祂為敵人禱祈
於是我就對主說雖愛己但也愛你
於是我低聲對主說雖愛己但也愛你 - 主又領我進入真理將我愚心漸開啟
使我在祂慈愛懷裏時刻享受祂自己
我謙卑的對主說少愛己更多愛你
我就謙卑的對主說少愛己更多愛你 - 主恩愛廣大無可比至終克服我自己
我願全心向祂歸依隨時表彰祂美麗
靠恩我願對主說不愛己專一愛你
靠恩我誠心對主說不愛己專一愛你
Theodore Monod, 1836-1921
13:24-30; 36-43; 36-43
We shall continue to reflect upon Jesus' parables of the Kingdom of Heaven. We have read the parable of the mixed results, and today we shall reflect on the parable of the mixed existence. Please read the parable and its explanation together.
- Does God have the ability to prevent the evil one from sowing weeds among the wheat? Why does God not prevent the evil one from so doing?
- While God never sleeps (Ps. 121:3-4), who might be the ones sleeping?
- Why would the servants want to pull the weeds out?
- There are two reasons given for not pulling the weeds out right away. What are they?
- According to v. 41, who are the weeds?
- Which of the two reasons give you the patience to bear with them?
- Might there be other reason(s) that cause you to be patient as well?
- What does "pulling out" mean? Does it conflict with church discipline? (And what is the aim of church discipline?)
- Read Joel 3:13 and Revelation 14:19 about the harvest time and read Matthew 8:12, 22:13, 24:51, 25:30 and Luke 13:28, as well. How do these passages speak to you concerning your attitude toward the "weeds"?
- Reflect on v. 43 and also Daniel 12:(3) They are meant to be a tremendous promise and encouragement to us. Are they to you? Why or why not?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
本週我們繼續研讀馬太福音。
讓我們繼續思想耶穌所講的天國的比喻。我們已讀過不同收成的比喻,今天我們會看摻雜共存的比喻:
- 神豈不是有能力阻止那惡者撒稗子嗎?為何祂不這樣作?
- 當然神是從來不睡覺的。那麼是誰在睡覺呢?
- 僕人為何要立刻拔出稗子呢?
- 主人給不要拔出兩個理由:
- 是那兩個?
- 按第41節,誰是稗子?
- 兩個理由的那一個會叫你肯忍受稗子?
- 你可還有其他的原因,叫你願意忍受稗子呢?
- 把稗子「薅出來」是什麼意思?與教會施行紀律有衝突嗎?
- 關於末日的收割,參約珥書3:13及啟示錄14:19。請也翻閱馬太福音8:12; 22:13; 24:51; 25:30及路加福音13:28。這些經文叫你對稗子的結局有什麼提醒?
- 至於麥子的將來,請看這段的第43節和但以理書12:3。這些經文真的成為你的鼓舞,叫你雀躍嗎?為什麼?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
The Mormon's Jesus摩門教的耶穌
In the name of civility and in the guise of building bridges with Mormons, more and more Evangelical scholars and leaders are attempting to soften the traditional hardline apologetic attacks on Mormonism. One Christian scholar even paints Mormonism as being "obsessed" with Jesus Christ.
Irrespective of how the modern Mormon Church sugar-coats their beliefs and how kind-hearted Evangelicals seek to narrow the gap between Christianity and Mormonism, their view of Jesus is absolutely contrary to our biblical beliefs. The following quote from CARM (Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry) is sufficient to show the basic differences:
"In Mormonism, Jesus is a creation, the product of relations between god and his goddess wife who used to be people from another world (McConkie, Bruce, Mormon Doctrine, p. 192, 321, 516, 589). Jesus is the literal spirit brother of the devil and of you and I (McConkie, p. 192, 589). Also, in Mormon theology, God has a body of flesh and bones (Doctrine & Covenants 130:22) as does his wife and together they produce spirit offspring in heaven who inhabit human bodies on earth."
You can go to the CARM's website to get a helpful comparison chart between the Mormon's Jesus and the Biblical Jesus.
Also, when Mormons say that they believe in salvation through Jesus Christ, you have to read their Articles of Faith to understand what they truly mean. One of the Articles says,
"We believe that through the Atonement of Christ, all mankind may be saved, by obedience to the laws and ordinances of the Gospel."
It is clear that they do not believe in salvation through faith in Jesus Christ alone, not to mention the Jesus Christ they believe in is a very different Savior than ours.
Yes, we love Mormons, just as we love any sinner in the world, and we need to pray for their salvation. But by deceiving ourselves to believe that they do believe in Jesus Christ, we are not doing them and ourselves any favor.
不知是出於大方或是以要與摩門教教徒搭橋為藉口,不少福音派的學者改變了他們對摩門教錯誤教義的論調,甚至有稱讚摩門教是對耶穌滿有熱衷的(obsessed with Jesus Christ) !
其實,不論今天的摩門教怎樣自圓其說,和一些福音派的學者極力把摩門教的教義與正統的基督教信仰拉近。其實,摩門教對主耶穌的教義是絕對與聖經的記載相違的。以下引自CARM(基督教護教和研究事工) 的一小段就足以看到:
「按摩門教的教義,耶穌是被造的,是由神與他的女神妻子所生的……耶穌實際上是魔鬼的親兄弟……神亦有肉和骨的身體,與他妻子一樣;在天上生出靈體,在地上以人的身軀出現。 (參McConkie, Bruce, Mormon Doctrine, 191, 321, 516, 589, 192及Doctrine and Covenants 130:22)」
你可到CARM的網址上參閱比較摩門教與基督教的耶穌論的圖表,就更清楚了。
摩門教會強調他們也是教導以信耶穌得救的道理;但我們祇要看看他們的信條就曉得他們靠耶穌得救是什麼的一回事:
「我們相信藉基督的贖罪,全人類可以得救,因著遵守律法和福音的信條。」
我亦將原本信條的英文本轉載如下:
"We believe that through the Atonement of Christ, all mankind may be saved, by obedience to the laws and ordinances of the Gospel." (Article 3)
摩門教明顯的不是教導因信耶穌而稱義,何況他們所傳的耶穌並非與聖經相乎。
不錯,我們要愛摩門教教徒,就像我們要愛世上每一個罪人一樣。我們需要為他們真正信主、得救來禱告。但是,若果我們自欺,以為他們真的按聖經的教導信了耶穌,那樣,我們便是自欺、也欺哄了摩門教教徒。
13:31-35
These are two parables of growth. Compare them and see their similarities in trying to understand what aspects of growth about the Kingdom that Jesus desires us to learn:
- The size of a mustard seed and yeast. Why did Jesus choose each to describe the Kingdom?
- What ideas does being "small" convey? Name at least five. How does it speak to us, the church today?
- The size of a tree and the flour dough. Why does Jesus choose each to describe the Kingdom?
- What ideas does being "big" convey"? Name at least five. How does it speak to God's Kingdom?
- What words that denote "time" are being used in each of the parables? How do they speak to you about God's Kingdom?
- Having considered their similarities, are there any differences between them that also speak of the Kingdom that are meaningful to you?
- Although Jesus was speaking mostly in parables, obviously He was meant to be understood. Although, He would only explain them further in private to the disciples, what impact might these parables have on the listening crowd
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
這一段是記載兩個有關天國倍增的比喻。我們試從兩者的相同之處去了解耶穌希望我們學習的是什麼:
- 為什麼耶穌揀選芥菜種和麵酵來比喻天國?
- "小" 是表達什麼?請試列出五方面。
- 為什麽耶穌揀選樹和麵團來比喻天國?
- "大" 是表達什麼?請試列出五方面。
- 請找出這兩個比喻中有關時間的用語?它們提醒我們有關天國的那一方面?
- 我們思想過兩個比喻相同之處。那麼,不同之處又是什麼?
- 雖然耶穌老是用比喻教訓人,祂總希望聽者能明白的。除門徒得再聽到詳細的解釋外,其他的群眾其實也可以從比喻得著什麼呢?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
A Mustard Seed芥菜種子
I love reading biographies of the Puritans, and I love reading stories of the missionaries. Among them, the story of David Brainerd has touched me over time.
A short ministry: David Brainerd only began devoting his ministry to reaching the Indians in New Jersey at age 27 and died at age 29 due to tuberculosis. God only used him in this respect for a very short, short time, and like a mustard seed, he died for his calling and yielded very little result at the time (only a few converts).
A tough ministry: He received his training at Yale, but because of his evangelistic zeal, he was expelled (but Yale eventually dedicated a hall in his name). In spite of the temptation to pastor churches, he was faithful to his calling and passion, and devoted his life to reaching the Indians, something very few were willing to do.
A prayer ministry: What marked him from other missionaries and Puritans was perhaps his prayer life. One should not miss the opportunity to read his diary published by Jonathan Edwards. In it, we can clearly see that he was a man of intense prayer. I am moved, every time I read some of his journals, and am reminded of his prayer life. Perhaps an excerpt from his journal will help:
"Nov. 3. I spent this day in secret fasting and prayer, from morning till night. Early in the morning, I had some assistance in prayer. Afterwards I read the story of Elijah the prophet. My soul was much moved, observing the faith, zeal, and power of that Holy man; and how he wrestled with God in prayer. I then cried with Elisha, 'Where is the Lord God of Elijah?!' I longed for more faith! My soul breathed after God, and pleaded with him, that a double portion of that spirit, which was given to Elijah, might rest on me, and I saw God is the same that he was in the days of Elijah. I was enabled to wrestle with God by prayer, in a more affectionate, humble, and importunate manner, than I have for many months past. Nothing seemed too hard for God to perform; nothing too great for me to hope for from him. I had for many months lost all hopes of doing any special service for God in the world; it appeared impossible, that one so vile should be thus employed for God. But at this time God was pleased to revive this hope. Afterwards I read the third chapter of Exodus, and on to the twentieth, and saw more of the glory and majesty of God discovered in those chapters, than ever I had seen before; frequently, in the meantime, falling on my knees, and crying to God for the faith of Moses, and for a manifestation of the Divine glory. My soul was ardent in prayer, and I was enabled to wrestle for myself, for my friends, and for the church. I felt more desire to see the power of God in the conversion of souls, than I have done for a long season. Blessed be God for this season of fasting and prayer. May his goodness always abide with me, and draw my soul to him."
An impacting ministry: As short as his life was, his time in ministry was even shorter and apparently his ministry yielded very little fruit in his time; but known through published diaries, his life impacted innumerable Christians, pastors and missionaries. He has indeed become a tree on whose branches many birds came to perch on. (Matt. 13:32)
我愛讀清教徒的傳記,也愛讀宣教士的傳記。其中大衛布賽納(David Brainerd) 的事蹟是最感動我的故事之一。
短暫的生涯:他在廿七歲才有機會投身宣教。三年後,祇有廿九歲就因肺病死亡了。他在新澤西的印第安人中間的工作果效甚微,就像一粒芥菜種子,埋在土裡。
艱苦的生涯:他在耶魯大學進修,卻因過份熱心愛主而被趕出校。(多年後,耶魯大學史無前例的把其中一個禮堂命名為布賽納堂。) 雖然有機會從事牧會工作,他卻堅決的忠於宣教的使命,投身於極少人願意獻身的印第安人宣教事工。
禱告的生涯:最叫我感動的是他的禱告生命。如果有機會的話,切勿錯過閱讀Jonathan Edwards為他編印的日記。讀到他的禱告生活,和他對神的愛,你會像千萬的讀者一樣,深受感動的。容許我把他日記中一小段與你們分享:
「十一月三日:今天我不為人知的,從早到晚,禁食禱告。清早,我得到一點幫助而(能)禱告。之後,我讀到先知以利亞的故事。看到這聖人的信心、熱心和能力;他怎樣在禱告中與神角力,我的心甚為感動。我就與他一同向神呼求:以利亞的神在那裡!我渴望有更多的信心!我的靈呼向神、向祂懇求,願感動以利亞的靈,加倍的感動我。我看到神就好像在以利亞的日子一樣,沒有改變。因而,我也能在禱告中與神角力,比前數月更感親愛、更謙卑、更迫切。沒有什麼是神不能作的;沒有什麼是大到我不能求的。我已有多個月,失去能特別在世人服事神的希望;像我這大罪的人,這似乎是絕望的。但現在,神喜悅重燃這希望。跟著,我再讀出埃及記第三章至二十章,從中看到神的榮耀和偉大,是我從未見過的。我不斷的跪下,向神呼求能有像摩西的信心,求能一睹神的榮耀。我的靈專注禱告,為自己、為朋友、為教會與神角力;我很久沒有這樣更渴望看到神在我生命中改變的能力。為這天的禁食、禱告,神阿,我讚美祢。願祂的美善常與我同在,吸引我靈更親近祂。」
13:44-52
- The parable of the treasure:
- Why is the Kingdom likened to what is "hidden"?
- Why is it likened to "treasure"? What is the Kingdom like to you?
- How special is the man in the parable?
- Putting yourself in the shoes of the man in the parable, would you sell "all" to buy the field? (Under what conditions might you do it?)
- How does the parable relate the Kingdom of God to you?
- The Pearl:
- What is so special about this merchant?
- If you were him, under what conditions would you sell "everything" to buy the pearl?
- How does the parable relate the Kingdom of God to you?
- In what ways are the above parables an accurate depiction of your conversion? In what ways are they not?
- The mixed net: Compare this parable with the previous two parables of the mixed results (vv. 1-9) and of the mixed harvest (vv. 24-30).
- What might be the difference in emphasis?
- What might be similar in emphasis?
- "Scribes" in v.52 now refers to the disciples who have been trained and have come to understand the Kingdom (Lenski, Matthew, 550):
- What do they now have?
- What does Jesus call both the new and the old?
- Are you striving to be the expert or the owner of God's words today?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 藏寶的比喻:
- 為何天國被喻為「埋藏」的呢?
- 為何被喻為「寶貝」?於你是否真實?
- 這比喻中的人有何特別之處?
- 若你是他,會否變賣一切去換取它?
- 這天國的比喻對你有多少真實之處?
- 珍珠的比喻:
- 這比喻中的人有何特別之處?
- 若你是他,會是什麼原故(或條件)使你變賣一切去換取它?
- 這天國的比喻對你有多少真實之處?
- 以上兩個比喻是否你悔改信主的寫照?原因是什麼?
- 請把這兩個比喻與先前兩個天國的比喻(1-9節 ; 24-30節 )相比:
- 兩者不同的重點是什麼?
- 兩者相同的重點又是什麼?
- 13:52之「文士」是指門徒,因他們已「受教」明白天國的道理(見Lenski, Matthew, 550):
- 他們現在擁有什麼東西?
- 為何耶穌稱之為「新舊的東西」?
- 今天你的努力是在乎作為神新、舊話語的「專家」,或是「擁有者」?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
I'd Rather Have Jesus我寧願有耶穌
"I'd Rather Have Jesus" is a song written by Rhea F. Miller with the tune written by George Beverly Shea. This poem, written in 1922, was left on a piano in the Shea home by Bev Shea who wanted her son to find it and that it would change the course of his life.
The words, "I'd rather have Jesus", moved George so much and spoke to him about his own aims and ambitions in life. He sat down at the piano and began singing them with a tune that seemed to fit the words. Shea's mom heard him singing it and asked him to sing it at church the next day.
George's life direction changed. He was offered a popular music career with NBC, but a few years later chose to become associated with evangelist Billy Graham and sang this hymn around the world. I invite you to meditate on these meaningful words and reflect on who Jesus is to you:
Refrain
Than to be the king of a vast domain
And be held in sin's dread sway;
I'd rather have Jesus than anything
This world affords today
- I'd rather have Jesus than silver or gold;
I'd rather be His than have riches untold;
I'd rather have Jesus than houses or lands;
I'd rather be led by His nail-pierced hand - I'd rather have Jesus than men's applause;
I'd rather be faithful to His dear cause;
I'd rather have Jesus than worldwide fame;
I'd rather be true to His holy name - He's fairer than lilies of rarest bloom;
He's sweeter than honey from out the comb;
He's all that my hungering spirit needs;
I'd rather have Jesus and let Him lead
本詩的作者是密勒夫人(Rhea F. Miller, 1894-1966),作曲者是加拿大出生的謝伯偉(George Beverly Shea, 1909-)。謝伯偉的母親不住為兒子的生命方向禱告。有一天她靜悄悄地將密勒夫人的這首詩放在鋼琴上。當謝伯偉回家練琴時,看見那首詩便拿起來誦讀。他唸完後心受感動,就在琴上記寫曲調。那一天,是他人生的轉捩點。他決心從此將自己奉獻給神。他辭掉了世俗的廣播歌唱工作,成為一位福音使者。今天就讓我們細思這歌詞,思想:「我是否寧願有耶穌?」
- 我寧願有耶穌,勝得金錢,
我寧屬耶穌,勝得財富無邊;
我寧願有耶穌,勝得華宇,
願主釘痕手,引導我前途。 - 我寧願有耶穌,勝得稱頌,
我寧忠於主,成全祂的事工;
我寧願有耶穌,勝得名聲,
願向主聖名,永赤膽忠誠。 - 恩主比百合花,更加美艷,
遠比蜂房蜜,更加可口甘甜;
惟主能滿足,我飢渴心靈,
我寧願有主,跟隨祂引領。
副歌:
勝過做君王,雖統治萬方,
卻仍受罪惡捆綁;
我寧願有耶穌,
勝得世界榮華,富貴,聲望。
13:53-58
- What were the amazing things that the people were asking about Jesus? By their questions, what have they admitted about Jesus?
- What were the other skeptical questions that they also asked about Jesus? Why would these questions appear to contradict their previous admissions about Jesus to the point that "they took offense at him"? What were they more concerned about?
- Read Jesus' remark in v. (57) Was His remark true? Would it be true today about a servant of God who is serving in his home church where he was brought up? What should a church be more concerned about when it comes to her teachers or leaders?
- What effect did their offence (and lack of faith) have on Jesus' ministry among them?
- What might it say about the condition of our faith community today?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 眾人表示對耶穌甚希奇的地方在那裡?這表明他們對主有什麼確認?
- 但這些確認立刻被其他因素所取代,以致他們「厭棄他」。其他因素是什麼?換句話來說,他們放眼的重點是什麼?
- 這引至耶穌在第57節的評語。祂的評語對嗎?為什麼?
- 他們的厭棄和不信對耶穌在他們中間要作的事工有何影響?
- 用在今天教會身上,我們面對一位在自己教會中成長的神的僕人,應看重的是什麼?如何避免犯同一的錯誤呢?
- 眾人的「不信」帶來什麼後果?
- 對今天的教會有何提醒?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
A Prophet without Honor不受尊敬的先知
As much as most Bible-believing churches seek to base their decisions on biblical principles, there is at least one area that we simply will not adopt biblical principles, and we do so blatantly. I am referring to the calling of a pastor by a church.
We know full well that the character of God's servant is of far more importance than his or her gifts, charisma and education, and yet most, if not all churches call their pastor based mainly on these external criteria. What is wrong with our churches? A lack of faith? A lack of courage? A lack of sensitivity and obedience to the Holy Spirit? Or, simply an unwillingness to get rid of our secular mindset?
I visited a church in New York that miraculously purchased an abandoned school building as their church. I said miraculously, because they submitted their bid to authorities purely based on faith and not on money which they did not have.
But the most miraculous deed they have done is how they called their senior pastor. As the old senior pastor retired, they went through the process of searching for his replacement, and as all good churches do, they did so with prayers. But their prayers were different, they prayed with an obedient spirit, and as the Holy Spirit moved them to appoint, not a Ph.D., not an experienced pastor, nor a pastor with great preaching skill, but their janitor who had demonstrated a character of love for both men and God, they obeyed.
To cut a long story short, I was told that half of the congregation left as a result, but the church prospered with solid growth and exemplary discipleship ministry even to the homeless.
I wish more churches would honestly live out their claim that they are a Bible-believing church.
一般福音派的教會都自稱是按聖經的真理而行事的。但在我看來,卻有一方面,我們往往沒有選擇遵聖經的原則而行,而沒有感到不對的。我是指到聘牧這方面。
我們都知道神的僕人的品格至為重要,比他的才幹、學歷和吸引力更為重要。但教會在聘牧時卻往往側重了這些外在的條件。我真不曉得是我們缺乏信心、是缺乏勇氣、是缺乏對聖靈的感動和順服,還是不願意放下我們世俗的觀念?今天的教會實在出了什麼問題呢?
我有機會探望紐約一間教會。他們極神蹟性的,在沒有資源之下,卻能從政府購買了一整座學校的大樓。但更大的神蹟卻在他們聘請主任牧師的決定上。
在聖靈感動之下,他們竟然選擇順服聖靈的指引,不聘用有博士學位的、不聘用有名氣的、也不聘用有才華的,卻決定聘用教會作清潔、管堂的弟兄為主任牧師。因為他有美好的見證,熱心傳福音。
結果怎樣呢?據我所知,教會一半的人離開了;但同時,這教會卻建立了美好的名聲,成為其他教會在門徒訓練要學習的榜樣。那一次的探望,我就是從這教會身上學習如何向流浪者傳福音,並如何訓練他們的才能作傳福音的門徒。
我盼望更多神的教會能真正活出所自稱的 ——「篤信聖經的教會。」
14:1-14
"Seldom in history can there have been such a series of matrimonial entanglements as existed in the Herod family. By (seducing and) marrying Herodias, his brother's wife, Herod had broken the Jewish law (Lev. 18:16; 20:21) and had outraged the laws of decency and morality." (Barclay, 150)
Herod was in essence a governor, but Caesar had bestowed the title of a king to his father, Herod the Great who slaughtered the children of Bethlehem in Matthew (2)
- Mark 6:14-16 gives us a bit more information about the differing opinions about who Jesus was. What can you tell about the reasoning and the causes behind each of these speculations?
- He is Elijah (see Mal. 4:5)
- He is like one of the prophets long ago (by then the Jews had not seen a prophet for over 300 years).
- John the Baptist (Herod's speculation)
- John's mission was to pave the way for the Messiah (Isa. 40:3ff), but his mission appeared to have been cut short by his confrontation of a gentile queen, the wicked Herodias. Was it worth it? What do you think?
- Mark gave a slightly different picture of Herod in Mk. 6:(20) If you combine Mark's and Matthew's accounts, what is your verdict about Herod — his commendable traits and his weaknesses? What was Jesus' verdict (see Lk. 13:32 and also 23:8-12)? What lesson can one learn from the life of Herod? (This Herod was eventually sent into exile to Gaul by Caesar.)
- What was Jesus' reaction to the news of John's death and why?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
這章提到的希律王其實是巡撫。其父(殺伯利恆嬰孩的那位)因深得該撒的喜悅而被冠以王號。此希律勾引同父異母的兄弟之妻(希羅底) ,娶她為妻。
- 請參閱馬可福音6:14-16較詳細的記述:這一段以眾人猜測耶穌是誰為開始。你以為這不同的猜測的基礎和動機是什麼?
- 以利亞:參閱瑪拉基書4:5
- 先知中的一位:在他們中間已超過三百年未有先知的出現了
- 施洗約翰:來自希律的內疚?
- 施洗約翰的使命是作彌賽亞的先鋒(見賽40章)。他因公開斥責希律而遭殺身之禍。你覺得希奇嗎?你以為值得嗎?
- 馬可詳盡的形容希律與約翰關係,你感到詫異嗎?按這些形容,你對希律的評價是什麼?
- 耶穌對他的評價又是什麼?(參路13:32及23:8-12)
- 你從希律身上可以學到什麼功課?(希律最後被該撒放逐到Gaul)
- 耶穌對約翰的死訊有什麼反應?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
A Time of Solitude獨自退修
When Jesus heard of John's execution, Matthew 14:13 says, "He withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place." I am struck by the words being used: to withdraw, by boat, privately, a solitary place. Together they bring out the nuances of
- An abrupt stop to the routine (to withdraw)
- A resolve to be away from the crowd (by boat)
- Leaving even the closest company behind (privately without His dear disciples), and
- A time only between Him and the Father (a solitary place)
Although I have no idea how Jesus dealt with the death of John before the Father, it was certainly a time of sorrow, of apparent triumph of evil, the end of an important era (a close to John's mission to prepare His way — he had served his purpose in the Kingdom), and a reminder of His own death. As was Jesus' habit, He sensed the need to deal with it before the Father.
Of course, we need to emulate Jesus' habit of spending time alone in prayer with the Father (Mk. 1:35; Lk. 5:16; 6:12 etc.) often. Especially when we are facing some major events in our life, we do need to bring them before the Lord, to make sense of the situation, to make sure we have the correct attitude and response, and to seek His will.
If Jesus needed to stop whatever He was doing, to make an effort to leave the crowd and His usual environment, to even desert His closest company, and to find a place where He could meet with the Father without distraction, how much do we need to do the same.
John Stott's example of spending one day each month in solitude, in addition to his daily devotion time, of disappearing into the woods, in prayer and reflection is something we need to emulate; it is not just for the servants of God, but for all believers.
But it takes resolve, sacrifice and perhaps the misunderstanding of our loved ones to make it happen. And of course, it takes action.
當耶穌聽到施洗約翰的死訊時,馬太福音14:13告訴我們:「耶穌聽見了,就上船從那裡獨自退到野地裡。」我特別留意到馬太這幾個用詞:退到、獨自、上船、和野地。這些給我領會到:
- 耶穌是突然的停止了祂原本要作的事;
- 刻意坐船離開,要人找不到祂;
- 是獨自一人的,連最接近祂的門徒也撇下;
- 走到祇有祂與父神一起的野地。
我們當然不曉得耶穌與父神在這時刻的對話,但相信這是個憂傷的時刻、是罪惡好像得勝的時刻、更是救恩歷史重要時刻之一的結束——約翰完成了當跑的為主預備道路的路。或許,這叫主想到祂也要面對死亡的結局。不論是怎樣,主耶穌按祂的常例,立刻退到父親面前禱告。
當然,我們應該學習主常獨自到父神面前禱告的習慣(可1:35;路5:16;6:12等) 。在遇到非常的事情時,我們更應立刻的來到主前,作反思、較正心態、和求問。
如果主耶穌也需要放下原本當作的事,刻意的離開熟悉的環境和人群,退到沒有人能干擾的地方,以至能獨自的與父神會面,何況我們呢?
司徒德(John Stott)的榜樣是值得我們學效的。他每天在熟悉的環境和節奏中靈修之餘,更刻意的每一個月抽一整天,獨自到林中禱告。
這確是每一信徒當學習的榜樣。這是需要決心和犧牲,或甚至會遭人誤會的。當然,這更需要行動(action) !
14:14-21
- What do you think were the motives of the crowd, who had to walk quite a long way to see Jesus?
- Jesus came to save us from sin. Why would He bother to heal the sick and, in this case, feed the people?
- How then would you define "compassion" (v. 14)?
- Did the disciples recognize the hunger of the crowd? How did they intend to deal with it? Were they wrong? Why? Or why not? What would you have done?
- Why did Jesus ask for the loaves and fish? Could He not have fed them just the same? What might be the lesson here?
- Was the looking up to heaven and giving thanks simply a gesture? Why or why not? What might be the lesson here?
- From the disciples' perspective, what had it meant to them to have participated in the passing out of the food and the collection of the crumbs?
- From the perspective of the people, what had it meant to them to have been taught, healed and fed miraculously? What should their response be? (See Jn. 6:14-(15) )
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 群眾多遠道而來,目的何在?
- 耶穌來是要拯救人的靈魂。祂為何費時醫病,甚至在此餵飽眾人的肚腹?
- 既是這樣,你可以給第14節之「憐憫」下一定義嗎?
- 門徒當然曉得群眾的饑餓。他們提議怎樣處理呢?他們作得對嗎?為什麼?如果是你,你會怎樣作?
- 耶穌為何叫他們拿餅和魚來?難道祂不能使「無變有」嗎?我們因此可學個什麼功課?
- 「望天、祝福」是否循例式的舉動?在此是否有更特別的意義?
- 對門徒而言,親手遞餅給群眾和收拾剩餘的有何重要意義?
- 對群眾而言,親眼目睹醫治、親耳聽到主的教訓,現在更親身經歷神蹟性的餵養,有何重要意義?他們當如何回應?
- 請參閱約翰福音6:14-15,看看他們又是怎樣回應。
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Sin of the Professionals「專業」的罪
Mark tells the story of the feeding of the 5,000 in Mark 6 against a background of a very hectic time of the disciples. They were very tired, but very excited as well. They had just experienced preaching the gospel by themselves in pairs, and had seen results, perhaps, not only of conversion, but also of miraculous healings and driving out of demons through them (for the first time, perhaps too).
They came back and shared with Jesus (and one another) all these exciting news. Jesus knew their need and proposed to withdraw to a quiet place and get some rest, away from the people, because "they did not even have a chance to eat". (Mk. 6:31)
So, when I read that they asked Jesus to disperse the people (who had disrupted their retreat) and send them away to buy their own food, I did not blame them for a moment. I would have done the same. But to their surprise (or even dismay, perhaps), Jesus said to them, "You give them something to eat." (Matt. 14:16, Mark 6:37)
Jesus demonstrated what true compassion is.
Compassion acts not when it is convenient to us: As much as they were more than tired and were having their time of rest and retreat, compassion does not take a break. A young pastor was having a very busy time in his office, and to his dismay, someone chose to walk into his office and asked to be counseled. As he frowned, he felt obliged to entertain this stranger. But in the middle of the conversation, the stranger said, "You are looking out of the window constantly; you are not listening to me." Busyness has a way to harden our heart and drive compassion away.
Compassion has no limit: When you think of what the disciples had just done previous to this occasion, you will wonder if they healed the sick and drove out demons out of compassion. If they healed not of out compassion, what was their motive? It is a scary thought. But I do think that they did it out of compassion too, but they confined the act of compassion to a certain time and place. I call this the sin of the "professionals".
馬可告訴我們,那五餅二魚的神蹟是發生於門徒極其繁忙的一天。門徒當時既極度疲乏,但亦甚感興奮。他們剛剛嘗試傳道,又能醫病和趕鬼,應該是屬首次的。他們興高釆烈的向主回報。主提議大家退到一安靜處,因為他們「連吃飯也沒有功夫」。(可6:31)
故此,當我讀到門徒提議叫這些打擾他們休息的群眾散開,各自找吃時,我一點也不怪責他們,因為我自己也一定會如此。想不到耶穌竟然說:「你們給他們吃罷。」(可6:27)
在此耶穌給我們看到什麼是真正的「憐憫」!
憐憫不是在方便時才施予的。不錯,他們在困乏時,是主耶穌的意思,叫他們停下來歇息的,可是憐憫卻是沒有歇息的!一個年青的神的僕人,有一天在頂忙碌之時,有人卻來求見。在沒法推辭之下,他惟有勉強與那人交談。那人在向他傾訴心事時,突然停下來,對這牧者說:「你一直在東張西望,根本沒有留心聽我講話!」是的,忙碌往往使我們內心硬化。
憐憫也是沒有定時的。我們曉得門徒們豈不是剛剛醫病、趕鬼嗎?那麼,他們作這些難道不是出於憐憫嗎?我相信他們是出於憐憫的,但是他們卻把憐憫的施予劃定了時間和地點。我稱這心態為「專業」的罪!
14:22-36
- Remember, the teaching and the feeding of the people happened and lasted past dinner time. Jesus had to be very tired. (Mark in fact indicated that they were already quite tired even before the crowd showed up). What did Jesus choose to do at the end of a very hectic day and why?
- The 4th watch was about 3-6 o'clock in the morning, a time when they desperately needed to rest. Did the storm happen by chance? Where was Jesus when the storm was taking place? What can you learn about the storm(s) in your life in this respect?
- Jesus could have ordered the storm to be calm from the shore, or He could have sneaked into the boat before calming the storm. Why did He choose to walk towards them on the lake?
- When they turned from fear to joy, why did Peter ask to be able to walk on the water? How did he distinguish himself from the other disciples with this request?
- What caused him to begin to sink, even with Jesus right in front of him?
- Did you have any experience that might be similar to that of Peter? How does Jesus' rebuke speak to you?
- In connection with your thoughts on question 3 above, did Jesus achieve His purpose?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 還記得耶穌醫治和餵飽眾人後,其時已晚,祂與門徒一定非常疲倦(馬可更告訴我們,群眾尚未出現,耶穌與門徒已是非常疲乏) 。就在忙碌的工作結束時,耶穌選擇怎樣結束這一天?
- 夜裡四更天即零晨三至六時,亦即是他們極需睡覺休息的時候。風浪突起,是偶然的嗎?耶穌當時在那裡?你可以對自己面對的風暴有什麼領會?
- 耶穌大可以在岸上平靜風浪;也可以突然出現在船上。為何祂選擇走在海上?
- 門徒知道是主,當然轉驚為喜。但彼得為何有要在水上走的念頭?這可以刻劃出他與其他門徒有什麼分別?
- 是什麼叫彼得下沉?耶穌豈不是就在他面前嗎?
- 你曾有類似彼得的經歷嗎?主耶穌的責備適用於你嗎?
- 按你對問題(3)的思想和答案,你以為耶穌達到了目的嗎?
- 今日你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Jesus Cares!主關心我
I find the story of Peter walking on water both hilarious and touching. It was hilarious, because he sank right in front of Jesus, who was probably only a few feet away from him so that Jesus could reach out His hand and catch him.
But again, it was not so hilarious. Peter thought he was going to drown and die. It was a matter of life and death. I think it is easy for us to have a so-called "total trust" in the Lord when the matter is not so important to us. When we can afford not to have our prayer answered, we boldly declare that we have faith. In a way, it reminds us of Abraham. He did not question God's promise of the gift of land, because he thought that he would never have a son, and that most likely Eliezer, his servant would be his heir. So he did not really care. (Gen. 15:3). But when God assured him that he would have his own son, he believed (Gen. 15:6). Now, whether or not God would really give him land became, all of a sudden, of great importance. And what did he do? He asked for a sign (Gen. 15:8). Now he cared.
So, perhaps, if we think we have faith, before we brag about it, let us search our hearts and think again.
Then there is Peter's story and its touching moment as well when Jesus reached out (very humanly) to catch him. Why did I say humanly? Because Jesus could have commanded the water to hold Peter up, or He could have let Peter drown first, and raise him up again which would have been a greater miracle. But He reached out to grab him immediately, because he did not want Peter to suffer another second of unnecessary fear and anxiety. This was how much He cared about Peter. This is how much He cares about each one of us. Jesus does not want us to suffer an extra moment unnecessarily.
我覺得彼得履海的故事既可笑、又感人。可笑是因為彼得是在主耶穌咫尺之前下沉的。耶穌祇需伸手就抓到他。這令我想起自己初學游泳的尷尬情景。
其實想深一層,也不應取笑彼得。對他而言,身體一下沉,不但是水深快沒頂,更是在風浪之中,是生死關頭。我們面對沒有重大關鍵的事件時,就容易有信心;但面對事關重大的事情時,卻是不同。就好像亞伯拉罕,在他以為僕人以利以謝要承受他的一切時,他毫不懷疑神必賜產業的應許(創15:3)。但當神確實應許賜他兒子時,他一相信之後(創15:6),先前賜地的應許突然變得極重要了。亞伯拉罕立即作什麼呢?他立刻問神:「我怎知道能必得這地為業呢?」你說,他是有信心,還是沒有呢?
故此,當我們要誇耀自己的信心時,最好停下來,想清楚。
彼得履海的故事亦有感人之處,就是主耶穌很人性地「趕緊伸手拉住他」。我說很人性地,是因為主可以發施號令,水就能乘載著彼得;主更可以叫彼得被溺,再叫他活過來,這豈不是更大的神蹟!祂卻趕緊伸手拉住他,因為主不願他多受一刻無謂的驚嚇!主就是這樣愛彼得。祂也是這樣愛我和你。主耶穌從來不願意祂的兒女多受一刻無謂的驚嚇!
15:1-9
The word "elders" does not mean, in this phrase, the officials of the synagogue; rather it means the ancients, the great legal experts of the old days. Their rules and traditions were oral and were eventually written down in the 3rd century after Christ; these writings were known as the Mishnah. These were considered to contain the essence of the service of God. As such, ethical religion was buried under a mass of taboos and rules.
- What might be the purpose of these Pharisees and scribes who had come all the way from Jerusalem to see Jesus in Galilee (see Mk. 7:1ff)?
- From this story, what was their focus? Jesus' teaching, Jesus' miraculous power, how He conducted His life, or something else?
- Do you think their hearts were in the right place? Why or why not?
- How evil was their trumping the command of God by their tradition concerning honoring parents as pointed out by Jesus?
- Can you think of three "traditions" or "rules" in today's Bible-believing churches that resemble such an error? How are they being justified?
- What was Jesus' verdict in vv. 7-9? Because of this, what happened to their worship and the sacrifices that they had made to God?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
本週我們繼續研讀馬太福音。
「古人的遺傳」是歷代猶太教的領袖在摩西律法以外所加添的口傳條例,到主後三百年才被正式編成,命名為Mishnah的有關律法條例的書。 猶太人以這些條例為事奉神的準則,結果是把人與神真正的關係變成外表規條化的宗教。
- 法利賽人和文士老遠從耶路撒冷來見耶穌的原因何在? (見可7:1ff)
- 從這事件的記載,他們所著重的是
- 耶穌的教訓?
- 耶穌的異能?
- 耶穌的生命?或是其他方面?
- 你以為他們的存心正確嗎?為什麼?
- 他們以什麼藉口來代替孝敬父母?此舉之罪有多嚴重?
- 你可以聯想到今天在愛主的基督徒中三個類似的錯誤嗎?用來支持這些錯誤的理由是什麼?
- 耶穌對他們的評價又是什麼?(參閱第8節) 這罪對他們的敬拜和所獻的祭有何影響?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
God first and family second…優先的次序
"If you've been around Christian teaching in our culture for very long, you've undoubtedly heard the reference to a hierarchy of priorities. This hierarchy says that in your life you should put Christ first, your marriage and family second, your church third, people fourth, and so on. The priorities become far less specific and ordered after number two or three, but you get the basic idea. God and family are up at the top. Work is never higher than number three or four." (D. Sherman and W. Hendricks, Your Work Matters to God)
I agree with Sherman and Hendricks in questioning if such a hierarchy is being taught in the Bible. The Pharisees were using this belief in hierarchy to trump the command to honor parents under the guise that God took precedence. Thus, Jesus chastised them in Matthew 15.
In His reply to what is the greatest commandment, Jesus makes clear that there is in fact no hierarchy: "'Love the Lord your God with all you heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.' This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: 'Love your neighbor as yourself.' " (Matt. 22:37-39)
You might say, "Did Jesus make God first and people second?"
Well, we have to understand the following:
- Jesus' reply is about what is the greatest commandment, not which two are the greatest;
- Jesus did not end with v.39 above, but continued to emphasize in v. 40 that "All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments." That means anyone of the two does not stand alone, but both, together, undergird the principle of all the commandments; and
- Throughout the Scripture, it is clear that our love for God is primarily demonstrated through how we love and treat people. "For anyone who does not love his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen." (1 Jn. 4:20)
It is in our family relationship, in our church life, at work or school and in our community that we express our first love for the Lord. We care about people and we put our emphasis on people exactly because we love God who loves people. He put us in such a priority that He even sacrificed His own Son that we may have eternal life.
Watchman Nee understood this very well. He wrote his famous hymn, "Let Me Love", and ended with these words, "May I finish my days in pleasing other people." No one will dispute that Watchman Nee was not a people-pleaser. Everyone will agree that Watchman Nee put God first in his life. But these very last words of his song clearly reveal his understanding that in putting God first, he would humble himself to seek the good of other people around him.
「如果你較為熟悉基督徒圈子的教導,你一定聽過優先次序這教導:就是我們應該先把基督放在生命的首位,跟著是婚姻與家庭,其次是教會,再其次是人等等。除了首兩三項,其他的次序則可能有不同的排列。不過,我們要明白這層次的意思,就是神和家庭是最重要的。至於工作,它從來不被列高於第三、四位的。」 (摘譯自 D. Sherman and W, Hendricks, Your Work Matters to God.)
我同意要質疑這兩位作者這種層次式的優先次序是否合乎聖經。法利賽人就是採取這種層次的方式,以把神放在首位為藉口,去抹殺當孝敬父母的誡命;因而為主耶穌所責備。(見太15:1-9)
在回答有關律法的誡命那一條是最大時,耶穌就把層次的思想除掉:「耶穌對他說:你要盡心、盡性、盡意、愛主你的神。這是誡命中的第一,且是最大的。其次也相倣,就是要愛人如己。」(太22: 37-39)
你或許會問道:「耶穌豈不是把神放在首位,而人屬其次嗎?」
我們需要留意:
- 耶穌是回答那一條誡命是最大的,不是那兩條;
- 耶穌的回答沒有停在這裡,祂更說:「這兩條誡命是律法和先知一切道理的總綱。」意思是缺一不可。一等如二,二等如一。
- 其實,聖經一貫的教導是清楚的,就如約翰壹書4:20所言:「人若說我愛神,卻恨他的弟兄,就是說謊話的;不愛他所看見的弟兄,就不能愛沒有看見的神。」
我們是要在家庭的關係,教會,工作,學校和社區的人際關係中,表明我們對神的愛。我們關心人,看重人,是因為我們愛那位看重人的神。祂看重人到一個地步,甚至為人而犧牲了祂的獨生愛子。
倪柝聲深明這個道理。在「讓我愛」這首詩結束時,他這樣說:「並求別人喜悅,以度此歲。」人人都知道倪柝聲不是個看情面的人,是個把神放在首位的人。這句話卻充份表明他明白到,要把神放在首位就須謙卑自己去求別人的益處。
15:10-20
- The disciples appeared to be more concerned about offending the Pharisees. Why? Were their own hearts in the right place?
- Why were the Pharisees called blind guides? Will God tolerate them?
- In what way might we be blind guides as well?
- Jesus appeared to have lost patience over Peter's question in v. (16) Why? (Was Peter still trying to justify their question in v. 12?)
- Jesus, in essence, is declaring that food does not make anyone unclean which is in direct conflict with Levitical law which distinguishes food that is clean with food that is not clean (see Lev. 11). But Jesus also declares that He has not come to abolish the law, but to fulfill it (Matt. 5:17). How can you reconcile the claims of Jesus in light of 2 Corinthians 3:6?
- Can you honestly stand someone who eats without washing his hands? Next time when it happens, what should you do?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 門徒似乎很介意耶穌冒犯了法利賽人(NIV譯offended) 。為什麼?門徒的心「正」嗎?
- 為何稱法利賽人為領路的瞎子?神會容忍他們嗎?
- 我們可能在什麼方面或情況下也作了領路的瞎子?
- 耶穌似乎對彼得在第15節之問題有點不耐煩。為什麼?(這與他們在第12節對耶穌的提醒有關嗎?)
- 耶穌清楚的說明:「入口的不能污穢人」。這豈不是與舊約的律法相違(參閱利11章) ?祂曾說:「我來不是要廢掉(律法),乃是要成全」(太5:17)。你可以怎樣把二者銜接起來?(參閱林後3:6)
- 老實的說,你能否忍受別人不洗手就吃飯呢?下一次你遇見同樣事件,你當有的態度是什麼?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Let Me Love讓我愛
As I quoted from Watchman Nee yesterday, I invite you to reflect on the words of his song which has touched the lives of an untold number of believers. (Note: I prefer my more literal translation of the last line as "May I finish my days in pleasing other people.")
Let me love and not be respected;
Let me serve and not be rewarded;
Let me labor and not be remembered;
Let me suffer and not be regarded
'Tis the pouring not the drinking;
'Tis the breaking, not the keeping —
A life suffering to seek others' blessing,
A life loving and true comfort giving
Not expecting pity and concern,
Not accepting solace and applause;
Even lonely, even forgotten,
Even wordless, even forsaken.
Tears and blood my price for the righteous crown shall be;
Losing all, my cost for a faithful pilgrim's life.'
Tis the life, O Lord, that You chose to live
In those days when on earth You walked,
Gladly suffering all injuries and loss
So that all might draw near and repose.
I cannot see how much farther I shall go;
Still I press on knowing there is no return.
Let me follow Your pattern so perfect and true,
Bearing ingratitude without complaint.
In this time of trial, O Lord, I pray
That You'll wipe all my hidden tears away;
Let me learn, O Lord, You are my reward,
Let me be others' blessing all my days.
Watchman Nee, 1930
昨天我提到倪柝聲這首曾感動千萬中外基督徒的詩歌。今天就讓我們用點時間去仔細的默想歌詞:
讓我愛而不受感戴,讓我服事而不受賞賜; 讓我盡力而不被人記,讓我受苦而不被人睹。
只知傾酒,不知飲酒;只想擘餅,不想留餅。 倒出生命來使人得幸福,捨棄安寧而使人得舒服。
不受體恤,不受眷顧,不受推崇,不受安撫; 寧可淒涼,寧可孤苦,寧可無告,寧可被負。
願意以血淚作為冠冕的代價, 願意受虧損來度旅客的生涯。
因為當你活在這裡時,你也是如此過日子, 欣然忍受一切的損失,好使近你的人得安適。
我今不知前途究有多遠,這條道路一去就不再還原; 所以讓我學習你那樣完全,時常被人辜負心不生怨。
求你在這慘淡時期之內,擦乾我一切暗中旳眼淚; 學習知道你是我的安慰,並求別人喜悅以度此歲。
(倪柝聲, 1930)
15:21-31
- Why did Jesus choose to go to the predominantly Gentile place of Tyre and Sidon if He were only sent to the lost sheep of Israel? (Was He?)
- The Canaanite woman also called Him, "Son of David". What does it tell you about the woman and her understanding of who Jesus is?
- Why did Jesus choose to remain silent and what did this do to the disciples, judging from their words? (What is meant by "send her away"? Were these words of compassion and intercession or words of annoyance?)
- As much as what Jesus said to her appeared to be very mean in v. 26 (which probably was a mean Jewish proverb that reflected the existing attitude of the disciples who must have said "amen" in their hearts), mull over this statement and see what the statement itself affirms about who Jesus is and what Jesus can do.
- Instead of feeling insulted, the woman willingly assumed the analogy of a dog. Apart from her desperation (wanting to see her daughter healed), what kind of a faith did she demonstrate that was so different from the Jews of the time — faith of God's power or faith of God's heart? Or more?
- At the end of the encounter, what has the woman learned about Jesus?
- What have the disciples learned about Jesus?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 若主是奉差遣祇去尋找以色列的迷羊,為何祂選擇行走在推羅西頓這外邦之地?祂真是如此被差遣嗎?
- 這希臘婦人稱祂為「主阿,大衛的子孫」。這表明她對耶穌有什麼認識?
- 耶穌為何一言不答?從門徒的反應,他們怎樣領會(interpret)祂的沉默呢?
- 「打發她走」是什麼意思?是憐憫之言,還是不耐煩之意?
- 耶穌表面上說了極苛刻的話(相信是猶太人的諺語,其實也是說出門徒的心態),但這番話亦已道出若干有關耶穌的真理,你能看得出嗎?
- 這婦人似乎不介意主對她所發的羞辱之言。除了愛女心切的原因之外,她所表現的「信」,與當時的猶太人有什麼不同之處?(她是信神的能力?是信神的愛?還是……?)
- 這婦人藉此事應學到什麼功課?門徒呢?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
God Can and Will神能夠、並願意
Jesus commended the Canaanite woman in that she had "great faith". (Matt. 15:28) I have been pondering about what way her faith was great.
Being a gentile, somehow she already acknowledged that Jesus was the Son of David, in that Jesus was the Messiah of Israel. If this implies that she also acknowledged Jesus as God, then He would still be a foreign God to her.
Given such an understanding, she still asked Jesus for healing. This, in itself, was an act of unusual faith.
But Jesus was bent on testing her faith further, with words so mean that surprise all readers of the Bible down through the ages. But the key to understand that Jesus was by no means mean is His statement to the disciples that "I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel." If that was true, why would He choose to spend time in Tyre and Sidon of the gentiles purposely? We know certainly that Jesus was sent to save all mankind. But, none of the disciples challenged His statement. Perhaps this statement only served to reinforce their bias towards gentiles, which was clearly demonstrated in the first chapters of the Book of Acts. They had a hard time believing that gentiles could be saved and receive the Holy Spirit, just as the Jews.
As Jesus acted as if He were like the rest of the Jews "who spoke with arrogant insolence about 'Gentile dogs'" (Barclay), the woman willingly accepted such an insult and persisted with her request, and this invited the commendation by Jesus that she had great faith.
Indeed her faith was great, because in addition to having faith in the power of Jesus to heal, her persistence showed that she had faith in the compassion of Jesus. She knew the heart of God. If Jesus was God, He would definitely have compassion. Her faith in the love of God did not waver in spite of the apparent mean remark by Jesus.
Indeed, it might be easier to have faith in what God can do; it is far more difficult to trust in what God will do, especially when time drags on, and God does not seem to care, or even, in the case of this woman, God seems to turn hostile to us. But this Canaanite woman believed that what God can do, God will do.
主耶穌稱讚那迦南婦人的信心是大的 (太15:28) 。 我在想:她的信心大在那方面呢?
雖然是個外邦女子,她卻懂得稱耶穌為「主阿,大衛的兒子」。換句話說,她最低限度認耶穌為以色列人的彌賽亞。若是她更承認耶穌是神,這個對她仍是外國的神。若是如此,她仍定意向耶穌求醫,就是不尋常的信心了。
耶穌似乎要對她的信心嚴加考驗。祂用了十分叫人驚訝、聽來像是刻薄的言語去考驗她。耶穌的用心,早在祂對門徒所說的話顯明出來:「我奉差遣不過是到以色列家迷失的羊那裡去。」如果真是這樣,祂為何要走進推羅、西頓這外邦人之地呢?我們確知祂是被差遣到世上來為要拯救全世界的人。奇怪的是,門徒沒有一人質疑祂這句話,原因恐怕是這句話正中(門徒民族優越感的) 下懷!他們以為救恩是與外邦人無關的觀念,在使徒行傳的上半部表露得無遺。
當耶穌表現出猶太人一般對外邦人的鄙視,稱他們為「外邦狗」時(見Barclay馬太福音的注釋) ,這婦人竟甘願接受,繼續的情詞懇切向主直求,耶穌就稱許她的信心。
她的信心實在是大的。除了相信耶穌有醫治的能力外,她的情詞懇切直求更顯出她相信耶穌有憐憫的心。她知道神的心。如果耶穌是神,祂一定是有憐憫的神。故此,耶穌對她似乎是語帶侮辱,這卻絲毫沒有搖動她對神愛的信心。
對,相信神能夠,是比較容易;但相信神願意呢?特別當難處的時間拖長了,神又好像不理會,甚至像對這婦人一樣,神好像與我們為敵時,就倍感困難了。這迦南的婦人不但相信神能夠,她更相信神願意!
15:32-39
The setting, location and other details of this account differ so significantly from the feeding of the 5,000 in chapter 14 that the two accounts cannot be the same. Mark in fact reaffirmed the two as separate in 8:19-(20)
- How hungry was the crowd? Why did Jesus not do anything earlier? What might He have been doing in the last three days?
- How special was it that Jesus made special mention of the circumstances of this crowd?
- How shall you imitate the Lord in this respect?
- If you were one of the disciples, and you have already witnessed the feeding of the 5,000 earlier, what would have been your response to Jesus?
- How many bread and fish did they have compared to the last time? What can we learn from their reply in v. 33?
- Can you remember the greatest deliverance that you have experienced? If a similar situation happens again, will you immediately trust God without hesitation, without complaints and without any worries at all? Why or why not?
- Most commentators downplay the significance in the difference between the terms used for the twelve baskets and the seven baskets. But both accounts do reveal that there were leftovers. What might be the significance of the leftovers?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
馬可福音分別在第6和8章清楚的記述耶穌兩次分餅的神蹟,兩次的時間和地點明顯是不相同,在8:19-20節更清楚的提到兩次是不相同的事件。
在這段馬太的記載中,
- 眾人究竟有多餓?為何耶穌不早些供應他們?這三天祂究竟在作什麼?
- 耶穌特別道出眾人的境況,用意應何在?
- 我們在祂身上可學到什麼功課?
- 如果你是門徒之一,已曾目睹五千人被餵飽的神蹟,你會怎樣回答主?
- 與上次相比,今次他們所有的餅和魚是較多還是較少?從他們在第33節的回答,我們可以看到門徒們有怎樣的心思?
- 請回想你過往在極困難或困乏中經歷神拯救的神蹟,和你怎樣焦慮的經過。如果歷史重演,你是否就會絕不焦慮呢?為什麼?
- 解經家一般不太注重兩次收集零碎的器皿籃子與筐子的分別,卻同意兩次都有極多剩下的零碎是有其意義的。你以為意義何在?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Who is corrupted?是誰受污損了?
The rise of the historical and grammatical approach to exegesis has certainly enriched our understanding of the Scripture, but at the same time, it has opened a flood gate for skeptics to shed doubts upon the inspired Word of God. Most unfortunately, such skeptics have expanded beyond the liberal realm into the Evangelical.
A case in point is the view taken of the miracle of the feeding of the 4,000 in Matthew 15. As Lenski bemoans, "Some modern interpreters regard the accounts of the two feedings of multitudes as, in reality, of the same incident. But there are differences in time, place, number fed, number of loaves, of fishes and of baskets full left over." (Lenski, Matthew, 602)
To me, the strongest evidence is the fact that Mark makes it unmistakably clear that the two were separate incidents in Mark 8:19-20.
The study of the original language, cultural and historical settings of biblical times is important to us, who are far removed from those times, in order to gain a deeper and more accurate understanding of the teachings, the narratives, the parables and the prophecies which the Holy Spirit has inspired the authors to commit into writing. But all these scholarly pursuits have to be done with an attitude of humility and faith — humility so that we are not critiquing the Word of God, but rather judging whatever information we have discovered through our human wisdom (needs to be judged) by the Word of God instead; and faith in that the authors of scripture were indeed inspired by the Holy Spirit and thus, "not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen will by any means disappear" from the Word of God, and that nothing can be added or taken away from the Bible. (Matt. 5:18; Rev. 22:18-19)
Unfortunately, as scholars and Bible teachers continue to flaunt their skeptical wisdom over the Scripture in seminaries and in the pulpits, the first thought that comes to the mind of many lay Christians when confronted with scriptural passages that appear to be hard to understand or are in apparent conflict with logic is, "Maybe, my version of translation is incorrect", or worse, "The manuscripts must be corrupted."
The best attitude, as far as I am concerned, is to take the Scripture as it is. While I still exhaust my intellectual faculty in analyzing its contents and consulting reliable and godly resources, I humble myself and pray to the Holy Spirit –– the original author, "Lead me into Thy truth." Most of the time, the Holy Spirit opens my mind to see things that were there, but which I had failed to notice. But at other times, I still remain ignorant of the deeper meaning of the passage and I have come to thank God, because after all, He is not obliged to show me everything I want to know, but only things that I need to know.
從歷史和文法角度去釋經,這門學問確是大大的幫助我們對聖經的話語的了解,但同時也帶來了對聖經的可靠性很大的衝擊。這些衝擊不幸早已走進了原本篤信聖經的真確的福音派裡面。
就像福音書所載耶穌兩次用餅和魚餵飽五千和四千人的事蹟,如著名解經家Lenski所言:「有些現代解經家認為兩次餵飽群眾的記載其實是同一件事。若細心看就不難發現,兩次的事蹟在時間、地點、人數、餅和魚的數目和載滿零碎籃子的數目都有不同。」(Lenski, Matthew, 602)
其實,更確實的證據莫過於馬可福音8:19-20,耶穌清楚論到兩次是不同的事蹟。
研究聖經古時的言語、文化和歷史背景確是重要的,能叫我們這些與那時代相距超過兩千年的讀者,對因聖靈感動而寫聖經的作者所記載的教訓,記敘,喻言,詩歌和預言有更深和正確的了解。但從事這學術研究的人,必須帶有謙卑和相信的心態。謙卑,就是要知道我們沒有資格批評神的話,而是讓神的話作為我們憑智慧發掘出來的資料的最終裁判;相信,就是要相信聖經的作者確是被聖靈感動寫出神的話來。因而,「就是到天地都廢去了,律法的一點一畫也不能廢去」(太5:18) ,也不能被人增、減。(啟22:18-19)
不幸的是,當學者和聖經教師在神學院和教會的講台上高舉人的智慧,過於聖經的權威時,不少的信徒因此在讀到難明或似乎不合理的經文時,第一個意念就是:「不知我手上的譯本是否譯錯了?」或更糟的是懷疑:「聖經的抄本是否污損了(corrupted) ?」
其實最穩妥的態度是以手上的聖經為準。在遇到難明的經文時,我當然會窮自己的智力去分析內容,並查閱可靠和敬虔的資料,更謙卑的向聖經的原作者聖靈禱告:「求祢引導我進入真理。」多少次,聖靈就開我的眼睛,看到原本已表明,不過是我忽略了的真理。有時,我仍是想不通。但我學習到為此感謝神,因為祂絕對沒有需要向我顯明一切我想明白的事;但祂一定會向我顯明需要我明白的真理。
16:1-12
- By asking for a sign, the Pharisees were trying to test Jesus. What did they want to test Him on?
- Jesus has already performed many miracles. Why did they ask Him for "a sign from heaven"? As far as the Pharisees were concerned, how is a sign from heaven different from any of the miracles Jesus had already performed? Should there be any differences?
- If Jesus really performed "a sign from heaven" for them, would they have believed?
- The problem was obviously not with not having any sign, or even not knowing how to interpret it. What was their real problem according to Jesus in v. 4? What is meant by a wicked and adulterous generation?
- Jesus was obviously trying to teach them an object lesson in vv. 5-6, but how did the disciples take it?
- Why did the disciples immediately relate Jesus' statement about the yeast to themselves not having bread? Why did their response invite such a severe rebuke from Jesus who charged them with having "little faith"?
- What were they supposed to have learned and understood from the two miracles, and why did Jesus ask about the leftovers?
- Jesus cautioned them against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees. What does yeast signify or mean? What are the yeasts of the Pharisees and Sadducees?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 法利賽人求神蹟是要怎樣試探耶穌呢?
- 耶穌其實已行了極多的神蹟奇事,為何法利賽人仍要求看「從天上顯的」神蹟?難道對法利賽人而言,主耶穌所行的神蹟還不算是「從天上顯的」嗎?
- 如果耶穌真的在他們面前行一「從天上顯的」神蹟,他們是否就信服祂呢?
- 明顯地,他們的問題並非在乎有神蹟與否,甚至不在乎他們是否有分辨力。按耶穌在第4節所言,他們的問題是在乎什麼呢?
- 「邪惡、淫亂」的世代是什麼意思?
- 耶穌在第5-6節欲以實物為教材,門徒卻想錯了什麼?為何他們會如此?為何換來耶穌這樣嚴厲的責備?
- 他們早應從兩次分餅的神蹟學習到什麼?耶穌提到零碎的用意何在?
- 「酵」是什麼意思?(參閱路12:1及林前5:6-7)
- 如果法利賽人的酵是假冒為善,撒都該人的酵該是不信復活了。那麼,門徒的酵又是什麼?你的酵又是什麼?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Wrong Focus錯放了重點
It is interesting to read the comments of Jesus about the "little faith" of the disciples in Matthew 16 which took place shortly after Jesus' commendation of the great faith of the Canaanite Woman in chapter 15.
As it happened, the disciples forgot to bring bread for their journey. Whoever was responsible must have felt badly. So, when Jesus seized the opportunity to teach them an object lesson, not to chastise them of their negligence, but to warn them of a far more serious lesson of guarding against the teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees, they became overly sensitive and misunderstood the intent of Jesus.
Instead of rebuking their defensive attitude, Jesus rebuked them of little faith. I believe here lies a relevant lesson that we should learn, especially when it comes to the understanding of what is more important in kingdom ministry.
Jesus always focuses on the heart. He worries that as much as He has relentlessly attacked the teachings of the Pharisees (whose sin was hypocrisy based on their outward observance of the law) and the teachings of the Sadducees (whose error was their stubborn objection to resurrection), Jesus knows that their errors would be like yeast and would spread even among those who would follow Him. His fear was not unfounded, as we learn that the idea of salvation by work and the doubt about resurrection were two of the most important apologetic concerns of the Apostle Paul. And yet, all that the disciples were concerned about was whether their negligence in bringing bread would make Jesus mad.
When Jesus rebuked them of little faith, He was in essence saddened by their misplaced focus. Bread, or for that matter any material need, should never be the focus on His followers. Our focus should always be on matters of the heart.
When a church or any Christian ministry spends much time and energy in addressing material needs or issues of that nature (often disguised as spiritual but which are administrative issues), we are repeating the same mistake of the disciples.
讀到馬太福音16:8主耶穌責備門徒「小信」時,我感到非常有趣味,特別是因為這記載是緊接著上一章耶穌誇讚那迦南婦人的「大信」。
這段事情的背景是因門徒忘記帶餅上船。相信他們一定心有歉意,以至當耶穌欲以實物作教材,警告他們要防避法利賽人和撒都該人的教訓時,他們卻敏感起來,誤會了主耶穌的用心。
奇怪的是,主耶穌不是責備他們的敏感,乃是責備他們的小信。我相信這裡有我們當學的功課,特別是在了解事奉的心態和重點。
主耶穌所看重的是人的心。祂擔心的是:雖然祂極力的攻擊法利賽人的教訓(他們的假冒為善,祇看重外表的遵守律法) ,和撒都該人的教訓(說沒有復活這回事) ,祂知道這些錯誤會如酵一樣,誤導將來要相信祂的人。耶穌的憂慮在日後也竟成真,因為這正是使徒保羅後來要為真理力辯的兩個主題:人是靠恩、非靠行律法稱義;和基督已復活,我們也必復活 (參閱林前15章) 。
可惜的是,當時門徒祇想到忘記帶餅這毫不重要的事!
耶穌責備他們小信,是慨歎他們錯放了重點。餅食(就像一切物質的缺乏) ,從來不應是事奉祂的人所要看重的。重點要常放在與「人心」有關連的事上。當一個教會或事工,若放上過多的心思、精神和時間在處理物質的事務上(往往是蓋上屬靈的包裝) ,我們就是犯上了門徒同樣的錯誤。
16:13-20
If you look at the maps of your Bible, you will find Caesarea Philippi to the north of the Sea of Galilee, a place that Herod's son Philip (who ruled this country as the tetrarch) had enlarged and beautified, and had named after both Caesar and himself (Lenski, COTNT, Matthew, 618). The disciples had followed Jesus for some time – they saw Jesus' miracles, heard His teachings, witnessed the fierce opposition of the Pharisees and knew Jesus up close. Now, Jesus began to reveal His ultimate plan of suffering to them in this chapter (16:21ff).
- Who did the people, in general, think that Jesus was?
- To be thought of as Elijah or Jeremiah would have been a great honor already. Why was it not enough for Jesus?
- Why then did Jesus follow with the question, "But, what about you? Who do you say I am?" What is the significance of the word, "but"?
- Now Peter's response was obviously correct: but was it enough for him to acknowledge Jesus as the Christ (i.e. Messiah)? Why not?
- In general, who do the people of today say, that Jesus is? In what aspects are the people right? In what way are they wrong and how wrong are they?
- What about you? Who do you say Jesus is?
- What did Jesus attribute Peter's correct answer to? What about your answer? How did you get it?
- Jesus was making a play on words, because the name, "Peter" means a stone, but a rock is much larger. Before we seek to understand these verses, please turn to John 20:23 in which Jesus spoke, not only to Peter, but to all the disciples. This implies that whatever Jesus had to say to Peter, He was saying to Peter as a representative. If this is the case, what or who did Peter represent?
- Here, verse 18 marks the very first time Jesus used the word, church, which in its original meaning is "a group of people being called out". If you were one of the disciples who heard Jesus say the term, "my church", for the very first time,
- What image does it conjure in your mind?
- Why does such a group of people need to be built almost like a structure?
- What does a rock mean? Why does this "building" need a rock? Since Peter is a representative, who would be part of this rock?
- What challenges would this "church" face?
- Does what Jesus said in v. 19 refer to power or function? Why?
- Who and what ultimately determines the eternal fate of a person, in terms of forgiveness and eternal life?
- What then are the "keys" of the kingdom of Heaven?
- How did the disciples use the keys as we learn from the rest of the New Testament?
- How should we, as the church, continue to make use of the keys?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
該撒利亞腓立比是希律的兒子作分封王時按該撒和自己的名為這城命名的。到此,門徒跟從主已有一段的時刻、親眼看見祂行的神蹟、親耳聽到祂的教訓、目睹法利賽人的反對、和親身與主相近;就在此時,耶穌開始向他們顯露祂要受死的計劃。
- 眾人一般以耶穌是誰?
- 被認為是以利亞或耶利米已是極尊貴的身份,為何還不足?
- 為何耶穌繼而問門徒:「你們說我是誰?」中文聖經沒有譯出這問題是以「但」作開始。你以為為何要說「但」呢?
- 彼得若單認耶穌為基督(即彌賽亞) ,這是否足夠?為什麼?
- 今天眾人一般以為耶穌是誰?眾人對認識耶穌的對與錯是什麼?
- 你又怎樣呢?你說耶穌是誰?
- 按主所言,彼得何以得到這認識?你又是從何而得你的答案?
- 「彼得」是(小)石之意;磐石當然是大石。要明白這段的意思,請翻閱約翰福音20:23,在此耶穌向眾門徒重複祂說的話。故此,彼得是個代表!如果是這樣,彼得代表誰呢?也在代表什麼?
- 第18 節是耶穌首次提出「教會」這名稱,原文是指「一群被召出來的人」。如果你是門徒之一,當你第一次聽到耶穌用這名稱時:
- 你腦海中會出現一個什麼意念或圖像?
- 為何這群人被喻為要被建造的建築物呢?
- 磐石是什麼意思?為何這建築物需要磐石?彼得既為代表,誰會作磐石?(參弗2:20)
- 這「教會」將會面對什麼挑戰?
- 耶穌在第19節 所言,是指「權力」或是「功用」?為什麼?
- 一個靈魂的命運是誰去斷定和怎樣斷定的呢?(命運是指能否得永生和赦罪)
- 這樣,什麼是「天國的鑰匙」?
- 從初期教會的歷史來看,使徒們怎樣使用這鑰匙?
- 作為這「教會」的一份子,我們應該怎樣使用這鑰匙?
- 今天你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Who binds and who loses?誰綁?誰放?
Allow me to the quote from Calvin's own words about the meaning of this difficult passage in Matthew 16:18-19 for our reflection today:
"The substance of this statement is, that Christ intended to assure his followers of the salvation promised to them in the Gospel that they might expect it as firmly as if he were himself to descend from heaven to bear testimony concerning it; and, on the other hand, to strike despisers with terrors, that they might not expect their mockery of the ministers of the word to remain unpunished. Both are exceedingly necessary; for the inestimable treasure of life is exhibited to us in earthen vessels (2 Co. 4:7,) and had not the authority of the doctrine been established in this manner, the faith of it would have been, almost every moment, ready to give way…
"This is a great honor, that we are God's messengers to assure the world of its salvation. It is the highest honor conferred on the Gospel, that it is declared to be the embassy of mutual reconciliation between God and men (2 Co. 5:20.) In a word, it is a wonderful consolation to devout minds to know that the message of salvation brought to them by a poor mortal man is ratified before God. Meanwhile, let the ungodly ridicule, as they may think fit, the doctrine which is preached to them by the command of God, they will one day learn with what truth and seriousness God threatened them by the mouth of men. Finally, let pious teachers, resting on this assurance, encourage themselves and others to defend with boldness the life-giving grace of God, and yet let them not the less boldly thunder against the hardened despisers of their doctrine…
"But it will be said, Christ addresses Peter alone: he does so, because Peter alone, in the name of all, had confessed Christ to be the Son of God, and to him alone is addressed the discourse, which applies equally to the rest. And the reason adduced by Cyprian and others is not to be despised, that Christ spake to all in the person of one man, in order to recommend the unity of the Church."
(Excerpts from Calvin's Commentary, Vol. XVI. pp. 294-296)
馬太福音16:18-19這小段是較難明白的。容許我在此把加爾文的見解與你們分享:
「這些話的實質是:基督在此給(將來)跟從祂的人保證褔音救恩的應許,叫他們知道可以確信這應許,好像祂從天上降下來作見證一樣。另一方面,祂是要那些鄙視福音的人驚惶,叫他們知道他們對傳福音的使者的嗤笑是不能逃罪的。兩者都是極其需要的,因為那生命的無價寶是要在瓦器中顯明出來的(林後4:7) 。若不是這樣建立福音的權柄,信福音的心就很容易被動搖……所以,作為神的使者,向世人保證這救恩是我們何等大的榮耀。我們作為這使人與神和好的職事的使者,是福音所賜的無比榮耀(林後5:20)。換句話說,對敬虔的人來說,能知道由卑微的血肉之軀所傳的救恩信息是神所印證的,這是何等的安慰。同時,就讓那些不敬虔的人嗤笑罷。有一天,他們會曉得由人口所傳的信息是帶著何等的真理和嚴重性。最後,讓敬虔的教師知道,靠著這應許,他們可以鼓勵自己和他人,勇敢的保護這賜生命的神恩,並大膽的向硬心的嗤笑者發出警告……
有人會說,基督的這番話祇是對彼得而言的:祂這樣作,是因當時祇有彼得一人,代表著眾人,承認基督是神的兒子,故此這番話是向他發出的。但同時也是對其他人說的。Cyprian及其他(教父) 所提的理由,我們也不要小看,就是基督藉著向一人說話,其實是向眾人說的,為要倡導教會的合一。」
(摘譯自加爾文註釋卷XVI, 294-296)
16:21-28
- Apart from divine revelation (as alluded to in Matt. 16:17), why did Peter give a completely different answer about who Jesus is from the people?
- As good and correct as Peter's answer was, what was his take on Jesus' Messiahship and what it meant to be the Messiah's disciples?
- Matthew describes Peter's words as a "rebuke". Who did Peter think he was?
- Why did Jesus call him, Satan? In what sense was he a stumbling block? Define a "stumbling block" according to v. (23)
- What does Jesus mean by "come after me"? Try to define it as clearly as you can.
- What does it mean for one to
- "Deny himself"
- "Take up his cross", and
- "Follow me"?
Have you done all of the above?
- What does following Him have to do with "saving" and "losing" one's life? Does gaining the whole world necessarily lead to forfeiting one's soul?
- Which title most accurately fits this section and why?
- The cost of discipleship (NIV)
- The condition of following Christ (JB)
- The way of the Cross (TNIV)
- Or…?
- What is the main message to you today and how may you apply it to your life?
- 馬太福音16:17 告訴我們彼得對主的認識與其他人有別,乃是「在天上的父」所啟示的。除這以外,你認為還有其他因素嗎?
- 彼得雖然答對了「耶穌是誰」,但他對「基督」(即彌賽亞) 的理想是什麼?他以為作彌賽亞的門徒是什麼一回事?
- 第22節的原文是「責備」。彼得是以什麼身份,竟敢責備耶穌?
- 為何主稱他為撒但?按第23節,彼得怎樣成為絆腳石?
- 「跟從」是什麼?「跟從」又不是什麼?
- 請試為以下每點下定義:
- 捨己
- 背起他的十字架
- 跟從主
你有否照所下的定義去做呢?
- 跟從祂與「救」和「喪掉」生命有何干?人若「賺得全世界」,是否就一定「賠上自己的生命」?
- 不同的譯本為這段設立不同的標題。NIV是「作門徒的代價」,JB是「跟從耶穌的條件」,TNIV是「十字架的道路」。那你呢?
- 今日你得到的主要信息是什麼?你會怎樣應用在你的生命中?
Meditative Reflection||靈修默想
Spiritual Direction屬靈的指導
When the famous quarterback, Randall Cunningham considered joining a football team, he went to his pastor for his opinion. His pastor, when being interviewed years later, said, "He asked the wrong person."
I admire the honesty and humility of this pastor and I hope we, pastors, and especially those who minister to others as spiritual directors will take heed.
More and more, we who are in the role of counselors, feel the pressure to give answers to those who come for advice. The truth of the matter is, unless it is about choices of a moral nature, we do not know God's will in the lives of other people. All we should do is to listen, to pray with the consulter and give them pointers according to common sense and/or biblical principles.
But I have come across more and more cases in which pastors or spiritual directors are bold enough to tell the consulters what they should do, as if they do have a hotline with heaven above. This is not only arrogance, but it is dangerous. Yes, ultimately the consulter has to own up to their own decision, but for the pastor or spiritual mentor to give more than pointers, is irresponsible. The danger is not only to the consulter as we become their stumbling block to the will of God, but to us too, because we have chosen to play God.
Part of the reason, I am afraid, is not so much the arrogance of the spiritual mentor, but the succumbing to popular culture which demands answers and results as a sign of competence. Henry Nouwen is right, we have nothing to offer, except our vulnerable self.
著名美式足球明星Randall Cunningham在加入某球隊要作抉擇時,他跑到牧師那裡,希望能得個答案。多年後這牧者在接受電視台訪問時說:「他問錯了人!」
我佩服這牧者的誠實和謙遜。我更盼望所有牧者和那些作屬靈指導的,能向他學習。
不少作輔導或指導的,往往受到要提供答案的壓力。事實上,除了是道德上對與錯的事情外,我們根本是不曉得神在別人身上的旨意的。我們所能作的是好好的聆聽、與他們一起禱告、極其量按聖經的原則和常理給他們有所提醒。
但我發現越來越多的牧者,特別是作屬靈指導的(spiritual director) ,竟敢告訴別人當作的決定,好像自己與神有直線電話通話一樣!這不但是狂妄,更是危險的。對,被輔導的至終是要為自己所作的決定負全責。但作為指導的,若所給予對方的是超過提點,我們往往會成為神的旨意的絆腳石;更嚴重的說,我們可能取代了神!
不過,我相信在大部份的情況下,提供指導的不一定是狂妄作祟,可能是因我們受到潮流的影響,以為沒有給予答案就是失敗,就是無用。盧宏說得對:「我們除了這輭弱的己,沒有能給別人的!」
